The first step, typically at 30 days, is a polite but concrete reminder: the exact amount outstanding, the period concerned and a clear payment deadline. Most arrears are settled at this point, because they usually come from simple forgetfulness or an administrative error rather than deliberate non payment.
If the debt still stands at 60 days, the second step is a formal notice sent by registered mail with acknowledgement of receipt, already indicating the possibility of further legal steps. This letter should itemise the debt month by month rather than give a single total, as this also supports the claim later in any legal procedure.
At 90 days the third step is a lawyer's notice, raising the prospect of a payment order procedure or litigation. Most owners recognise the seriousness of the situation at this point, because a lawyer's letterhead is a clear signal that the building is prepared to go to court.
After 120 days comes the fourth step: preparing and filing a payment order with a notary. For debts below 3 million forints this is the mandatory route; direct litigation is not possible. Once final, the payment order can be given an enforcement clause and passed to a bailiff, who may enforce against the owner's assets, movable property, wages or pension.
There is one further, serious instrument: if arrears reach at least three months of common cost, the general meeting may decide to place a mortgage on the property as security for the debt.
It is worth stressing that every step in the chain requires individual judgement; it is not an automatic machine. If an owner signals temporary difficulty and asks for an instalment agreement, it is usually worth accepting it in writing with a concrete schedule, as this closes the case faster and cheaper than a long legal procedure.
Merbo sends every escalation step in documented, templated form, and the supervisory committee can always see which flat is at which stage, so no hidden arrears remain in the building's books.